persepolis shiraz iran world of wonders 5 silver coin palau 2011 tourism place in iran
Persepolis tourism place in iran
Persian city(Persepolis-iran)pages -1,2,3,4,5,6
Persepolis means Persian City and is situated 58 Kilometers from Shiraz. Persepolis was developed mainly by Dariush I The Great (~500 B.C.) and turned to a modern city with running tab water, drainage system, postal service and highways connecting it to other cities of the Persian empire.
(There is another theory saying that Cyrus The Great chose the site of Persepolis, which was originally named Parsa, and the works started in 518 BC by Dariush I.)
If the traveler to Iran visited only the provinces of Khuzestan and Fars, he/she would have seen what is virtually the essential heart of Iranian history. Fars (ancient Parsa) - homeland of the Persians and the source of the name so often given to the entire land -contains not only an enormous number of prehistoric sites with nearly 1,000 identified in the Marv Dasht alone, but the major Achaemenian and Sassanian remains in the country.
There was probably a sizeable settlement on the site of Shiraz in the prehistoric period and cuneiform records from the great ceremonial capital of Persepolis, some 58 km. to the north, show that it was a significant township in Achaemenian times. As a city, however, it was founded in A.D. 684, after the Arab armies conquered the Sassanian provincial capital of Istakhr near Persepolis.
Shiraz-Isfahan Highway approaches Persepolis or Takht-e Jamshid as it is known locally, from the west and turns sharp towards the north at the main staircase and the Gate of All Nations. The mountains behind Persepolis are in the east.
Persepolis was first scientifically excavated under the direction of Ernst Herzfeld, and later by E.F. Schmidt on behalf of the Oriental Institute of Chicago, from 1931 to 1939. In the 1940s the excavations were continued by the Iranian Archaeological Service, directed first by Andre Godard and later by Ali Sami. More recently, the excavations of the Iranian Archaeological Service have been renewed under the direction of Mr. A. Tajvidi, while, in cooperation with the Iranian authorities. Giuseppe and Ann Britt Tilia of the Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente (ISMEO) have been patiently restoring the damaged structure.
It is perhaps possible that it was Cambyses II, the son of Cyrus the Great, who chose the rock outcrops at the foot of Kuh-e Rahmat as the site of a new dynastic home. According to Professor Pope, the complex of buildings formed a ritual city whose very existence was kept secret from the outside world at a time when the glories of the other, secular, Achaemenian capitals of Susa, Babylon and Ecbatana were well known. But in fact it must be by some strange accident of history that Persepolis - know as Parsa to the Achaemenians - was never mentioned in foreign records, for it was here after all that representatives of all the varied peoples of the empire gathered to pay homage, and bring tribute, to the King of Kings, probably each spring, at the time of the ancient Nowrooz (New Year) festival.
It was Alexander who destroyed the magnificent palaces, not long before the death of the last of the Achaemenians, Dariush III, in 330 B.C.
A complex system of drainage and water channels cut into the foundations of the terrace suggests that the entire layout of the complex was designed in detail before any other construction work was begun.
The palaces on the platform are arranged in four separate levels, each being two meters higher. On entering the platform one stands on the level reserved for the delegations. The Apadana palace and surrounding structures for the nobles are higher. The royal quarter is again a step higher. The storage rooms and administrative offices on the back are the lowest. The royal quarter is visible from all areas and should therefore be used as reference.
The Staircase
Access to the Platform is by a monumental double-ramped ceremonial staircase, carved from massive blocks of stone (five steps are carved from a single block 7m. long), and shallow enough for the most important guests to be able to take their horses up. The stairs were closed at the top with gates whose hinges fitted into sockets in the floor, seen at the top of the northern flight.
The arrival of the delegations was announced by trumpeters who stood at the top of the staircase in front of the Gate of All Nations. Portions of the bronze trumpets are preserved in the Persepolis Museum. The Persian and Median ushers received the delegations, led them through the Gate of All Nations to the Hundred Column Palace to the presence of the king.
Persian city(Persepolis-iran)pages -1,2,3,4,5,6
Persepolis means Persian City and is situated 58 Kilometers from Shiraz. Persepolis was developed mainly by Dariush I The Great (~500 B.C.) and turned to a modern city with running tab water, drainage system, postal service and highways connecting it to other cities of the Persian empire.
(There is another theory saying that Cyrus The Great chose the site of Persepolis, which was originally named Parsa, and the works started in 518 BC by Dariush I.)
If the traveler to Iran visited only the provinces of Khuzestan and Fars, he/she would have seen what is virtually the essential heart of Iranian history. Fars (ancient Parsa) - homeland of the Persians and the source of the name so often given to the entire land -contains not only an enormous number of prehistoric sites with nearly 1,000 identified in the Marv Dasht alone, but the major Achaemenian and Sassanian remains in the country.
There was probably a sizeable settlement on the site of Shiraz in the prehistoric period and cuneiform records from the great ceremonial capital of Persepolis, some 58 km. to the north, show that it was a significant township in Achaemenian times. As a city, however, it was founded in A.D. 684, after the Arab armies conquered the Sassanian provincial capital of Istakhr near Persepolis.
Shiraz-Isfahan Highway approaches Persepolis or Takht-e Jamshid as it is known locally, from the west and turns sharp towards the north at the main staircase and the Gate of All Nations. The mountains behind Persepolis are in the east.
Persepolis was first scientifically excavated under the direction of Ernst Herzfeld, and later by E.F. Schmidt on behalf of the Oriental Institute of Chicago, from 1931 to 1939. In the 1940s the excavations were continued by the Iranian Archaeological Service, directed first by Andre Godard and later by Ali Sami. More recently, the excavations of the Iranian Archaeological Service have been renewed under the direction of Mr. A. Tajvidi, while, in cooperation with the Iranian authorities. Giuseppe and Ann Britt Tilia of the Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente (ISMEO) have been patiently restoring the damaged structure.
It is perhaps possible that it was Cambyses II, the son of Cyrus the Great, who chose the rock outcrops at the foot of Kuh-e Rahmat as the site of a new dynastic home. According to Professor Pope, the complex of buildings formed a ritual city whose very existence was kept secret from the outside world at a time when the glories of the other, secular, Achaemenian capitals of Susa, Babylon and Ecbatana were well known. But in fact it must be by some strange accident of history that Persepolis - know as Parsa to the Achaemenians - was never mentioned in foreign records, for it was here after all that representatives of all the varied peoples of the empire gathered to pay homage, and bring tribute, to the King of Kings, probably each spring, at the time of the ancient Nowrooz (New Year) festival.
It was Alexander who destroyed the magnificent palaces, not long before the death of the last of the Achaemenians, Dariush III, in 330 B.C.
A complex system of drainage and water channels cut into the foundations of the terrace suggests that the entire layout of the complex was designed in detail before any other construction work was begun.
The palaces on the platform are arranged in four separate levels, each being two meters higher. On entering the platform one stands on the level reserved for the delegations. The Apadana palace and surrounding structures for the nobles are higher. The royal quarter is again a step higher. The storage rooms and administrative offices on the back are the lowest. The royal quarter is visible from all areas and should therefore be used as reference.
The Staircase
Access to the Platform is by a monumental double-ramped ceremonial staircase, carved from massive blocks of stone (five steps are carved from a single block 7m. long), and shallow enough for the most important guests to be able to take their horses up. The stairs were closed at the top with gates whose hinges fitted into sockets in the floor, seen at the top of the northern flight.
The arrival of the delegations was announced by trumpeters who stood at the top of the staircase in front of the Gate of All Nations. Portions of the bronze trumpets are preserved in the Persepolis Museum. The Persian and Median ushers received the delegations, led them through the Gate of All Nations to the Hundred Column Palace to the presence of the king.
Persian city(Persepolis-iran)pages -1,2,3,4,5,6
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